Medical Library
Spina Bifida/Myelomeningocele
Spina
bifida is a birth defect in which the vertebrae are not properly formed around
the spinal cord. Spina bifida can cause nerve damage leading to deformities
of the spine, hip and foot, along with bladder, skin and bowel problems, latex
allergies, paralysis, weakness, numbness and lack of physical coordination.
Risk Factors
Spina bifida is believed to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental
factors, some of which are preventable. Risk factors for pregnant women include
the following:
- Folic acid deficiency
- The use of certain medications for epilepsy
or acne
- Exposure to chemicals
- Alcohol consumption
- Exposure to high temperatures (e.g., saunas and hot tubs) in the early stages
of pregnancy
- Diabetes
- Obesity
- Being white or Hispanic
- Previous births to children with spina bifida
Treatment
Because of the diverse signs and symptoms of spina bifida, a pediatric orthopaedic
surgeon is just one of the many kinds of healthcare professionals who may
become involved in the care of a spina bifida patient. Some orthopaedic problems
commonly associated with spina bifida include clubfoot, scoliosis and developmental
dysplasia of the hip. These may be treated with exercise, physical therapy
and/or surgery.
To learn more about pediatric orthopaedic conditions, please refer to the following organizations: